Other useful articles and websites
This page offers links to a small selection of articles and websites that have
information on poverty reduction in general and poverty auditing in
particular. Most of the sites have their own links pages which point to even
more useful information.
Bretton Woods Project works as a networker, information-provider,
media informant and watchdog to scrutinise and influence the World Bank and
International Monetary Fund (IMF). Through briefings, reports and the
bimonthly digest Bretton Woods Update, it monitors projects, policy reforms
and the overall management of the Bretton Woods institutions with special
emphasis on environmental and social concerns.
http://www.brettonwoodsproject.org/
Graham Boyd (2000) Local Authority Partnership Building Options
- Partnership Approaches to Local Development
The terms partnership and network are often used in imprecise ways or are
seen as interchangeable. There are however important differences.
Partnerships are formal relationships between legal entities, for example a
board, a company, a municipal council or an incorporated society. They have
fixed memberships and clear boundaries. Networks operate through
relationships between individuals with shared interests, values and goals.
They tend to have indistinct boundaries and fluid memberships. Partnerships
and networks co-exist. The informal relationships of networking can become
formalised into partnership bodies. Often networks continue to operate in
parallel with partnerships. They can assist – or hinder – the operation of
partnerships, sometimes complimenting and at other times challenging more
formal arrangements.
http://www.srds.co.uk/partnerships/approach.htm
George Clark (2000) Partnership - the options
The word ‘Partnership’ is used by different people to mean different things.
To explore this range of meaning, a simple and very broad definition is
given and the items within it are conceptually unpacked to demonstrate the
range of realities which can lie behind the same rhetoric. "Partnership
is about people, with knowledge, skills and attitudes appropriate to the
task in hand, working together for their mutual benefit and for the greater
social good."
http://www.srds.co.uk/partnerships/options.htm
Consultative Group to Assist the Poor (CGAP), is a consortium of
28 public and private development agencies working together to expand access
to financial services for the poor, referred to as microfinance. CGAP's
staff, working from World Bank offices in Washington, DC and Paris, serve
donor agencies, microfinance institutions (MFIs), and other microfinance
practitioners. To each of these client groups, CGAP provides technical
advice, training, research and development, information dissemination, and
funding for innovations.
http://www.cgap.org/
For an 11 page pdf file on Poverty Audit click here -
http://www.cgap.org/docs/poverty_audit.pdf
Development Assistance Committee (DAC) (of the OECD) is one of the
key forums in which the major bilateral donors work together to increase the
effectiveness of their common efforts to support sustainable development.
The DAC concentrates on how international development co-operation
contributes to the capacity of developing countries to participate in the
global economy and the capacity of people to overcome poverty and
participate fully in their societies.
http://www.oecd.org/dac
Poverty Reduction
http://www.oecd.org/department/0,2688,en_2649_34621_1_1_1_1_1,00.html
Millennium Development Goals
http://www.oecd.org/department/0,2688,en_2649_34585_1_1_1_1_1,00.html
ELDIS Gateway to development information
http://www.eldis.org/index.htm
The ELDIS participation resource guide
http://www.eldis.org/participation/index.htm
How do organisations accurately determine whether they are progressing
towards, or achieving their goals and objectives? And who should be making
these judgements? Increasing calls for accountability, efficiency and
improved management performance have led to a more intense focus on the
monitoring and evaluation stage of the project cycle, including feedback of
results into the planning process. Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation
(PM&E) promotes the involvement of a wide range of stakeholders, employing
methods that allow a more equal opportunity for the expression of views and
sharing of lessons.
Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation
http://www.eldis.org/participation/pme/index.htm
A range of guidelines and manuals exist
for aiding development practitioners in carrying out PM&E. Some guidelines
are widely applicable whilst others are relevant to specific sectors, to use
by different actors, or to various aspects of either monitoring or
evaluation. There are a number of broadly relevant manuals, mainly developed
by the large donor agencies for use by their staff and partners.
http://www.eldis.org/participation/pme/pme3.htm
[UAPP HOME]
Eurodad is a network of European development NGOs working for
national economic & international financing policies that achieve poverty
eradication & the empowerment of the poor
http://www.eurodad.org/
Hakikazi Catalyst is one of Tanzania's most exciting civil society
websites. It exchanges ideas on how to promote the rights of all people to
fully participate on social, technical, economic, environmental and
political (STEEP) issues. It also offers links to many plain language guides
to ongoing policies and strategies in Tanzania.
http://www.hakikazi.org/
Minu Hemmati (2002) Multi-stakeholder processes for governance
and sustainability - beyond deadlock and conflict; Earthscan;
ISBN1853838705
The term multi-stakeholder processes describes processes which aim to bring
together all major stakeholders in a new form of communication,
decision-finding (and possibly decision-making) on a particular issue. They
are also based on recognition of the importance of achieving equity and
accountability in communication between stakeholders, involving equitable
representation of three or more stakeholder groups and their views. They are
based on democratic principles of transparency and participation, and aim to
develop partnerships and strengthened networks among stakeholders. MSPs
cover a wide spectrum of structures and levels of engagement. They can
comprise dialogues on policy or grow to include consensus-building,
decisionmaking and implementation of practical solutions. The exact nature
of any such process will depend on the issues, its objectives, participants,
scope and time lines, among other factors.
http://www.earthsummit2002.org/msp/book.htm
Institute of Development Studies (UK). Through the work of the
Participation Group, the Institute of Development Studies serves as a global
centre for research, innovation and learning in citizen participation and
participatory approaches to development.
http://www.ids.ac.uk/ids/particip/index.html
International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organization
of 184 member countries. It was established to promote international
monetary cooperation, exchange stability, and orderly exchange arrangements;
to foster economic growth and high levels of employment; and to provide
temporary financial assistance to countries to help ease balance of payments
adjustment. Since the IMF was established its purposes have remained
unchanged but its operations - which involve surveillance, financial
assistance, and technical assistance - have developed to meet the changing
needs of its member countries in an evolving world economy.
http://www.imf.org
Fact Sheets list -
http://www.imf.org/cgi-shl/create_x.pl?fcteng
PRSP
http://www.imf.org/external/np/prsp/prsp.asp
HIPC
http://www.imf.org/external/np/exr/facts/hipc.htm
PRGF
http://www.imf.org/external/np/exr/facts/prgf.htm
LogoLink is a global network of practitioners from civil society
organisations, research institutions and governments working to deepen
democracy through greater citizen participation in local governance.
LogoLink encourages learning from field-based innovations and expressions of
democracy which contribute to social justice.
http://www.ids.ac.uk/logolink/index.htm
Renosi Mokate - Local government as a catalyst for poverty
alleviation: A policy analysis approach; Economic and Social Analysis,
Human Sciences Research Council
The need to address poverty and inequality has been firmly placed at the
center of the nation’s agenda. Several poverty audits have been undertaken,
and a range of policy documents and strategies have been developed to
address this crucial issue. Urban renewal and an integrated rural
development strategy are at particular importance. The purpose of this
article is to provide a framework within which antipoverty strategies can be
integrated by local governments in their local economic development
strategies. It builds on existing studies by adding complementary dimensions
to be considered in linking local economic development and poverty
alleviation. The Local Economic Development and Poverty Alleviation study
undertaken by the Department of Provincial and local government provides a
framework for developing a municipal antipoverty programme. This article
elaborates on the broader provincial and national framework within which
local economic development and poverty alleviation occur, and the related
constraints and opportunities.
http://www.up.ac.za/academic/soba/SAAPAM/vol34n3/mokate.htm
Overseas Development Institute (ODI) Poverty and Public Policy
Group (PPPG) was created in 2000. Its mission is to contribute through
research, advice and communication to measures that work effectively towards
the goal of eradicating poverty on a global scale. PPPG interests span all
aspects of public policy for poverty reduction, including "upstream" policy
and management issues and "downstream" analysis of the causes of poverty and
social exclusion
http://www.odi.org.uk/PPPG/index.html
Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) Notes is the world's
leading series on participatory learning and action approaches and methods.
It provides a forum for all those engaged in participatory work - community
workers, activists and researchers - to share their experiences, conceptual
reflections and methodological innovations with others.
http://www.iied.org/sarl/pla_notes/index.html
[UAPP HOME]
Poverty Assessment Tools
Microenterprise development programs have been among the most promising
forms of donor-sponsored poverty reduction programs in recent years, and
they have improved the lives of millions of poor people. In 2000, the US
Congress passed the Microenterprise for Self-Reliance Act, which mandated
that half of all USAID microenterprise funds benefit the very poor. This
legislation was amended in 2003, and now defines the very poor as those
living on less than $1 a day, or those living in the bottom 50% below their
country's poverty line. The lack of widely applicable, low-cost tools for
poverty assessment makes it difficult to determine whether USAID is meeting
these mandated targets. Therefore, the law also requires USAID to develop
and certify at least two tools for assessing the poverty level of its
microenterprise beneficiaries. To implement this work, USAID's
Microenterprise Development division has selected the consortium led by the
IRIS Center under the Enabling Environment component of the Accelerated
Microenterprise Advancement Project (AMAP).
http://www.povertytools.org/
PRSP Monitoring and Synthesis Project has been commissioned by the
Department of International Development to enhance DFID's ability to engage
with the wider policy debate around PRSPs and will help all levels of DFID
staff to remain well-informed about a wide variety of PRSP work. The PRSP
Synthesis Team at the Overseas Development Institute collate information on
the PRSP process from a variety of sources and provide updates, topic notes,
and in-depth analysis on key issues around PRSPs.
http://www.prspsynthesis.org/
Tanzania Online is a gateway to information on development issues
in Tanzania. It is a UNDP/UN, Government of Tanzania and Economic and Social
Research Foundation (ESRF) initiative to address problems faced by
Government officials, policy makers, private sector, civil society, donor
community, researchers and academicians accessing information on development
issues in Tanzania.
http://www.tzonline.org/
United Nations (UN) - the following link offers an alphabetic
index of websites of the United Nations System of Organizations, including
joint initiatives and special projects which exist to address specific,
substantive areas of interest. Entries listed in bold are members of the
United Nations System's Chief Executives Board (CEB).
http://www.unsystem.org/en/frames.alphabetic.index.en.htm
Clickable chart -
http://www.un.org/aboutun/chart.html
United Nations Development Group (UNDG) is an instrument for UN
reform, created by the Secretary General in 1997, to improve the
effectiveness of UN development at the country level. The UNDG brings
together the operational agencies working on development. The Group is
chaired by the Administrator of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
on behalf of the Secretary General. The UNDG develops policies and
procedures that allow member agencies to work together and analyse country
issues, plan support strategies, implement support programmes, monitor
results and advocate for change. These initiatives increase UN impact in
helping countries achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), including
poverty reduction.
http://www.undg.org/
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
Practice Notes
http://www.undp.org/poverty/practicenotes.htm
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/
UNDP - democratic governance
The critical importance of democratic governance in the developing world was
highlighted at the Millennium Summit, where the world's leaders resolved to
"spare no effort to promote democracy and strengthen the rule of law, as
well as respect for all internationally recognized human rights and
fundamental freedoms, including the right to development." A consensus was
reached which recognized that improving the quality of democratic
institutions and processes, and managing the changing roles of the state and
civil society in an increasingly globalised world must underpin national
efforts to reduce poverty, sustain the environment, and promote human
development.
http://www.undp.org/governance/
World Bank Group's mission is to fight poverty and improve the
living standards of people in the developing world. It is a development Bank
which provides loans, policy advice, technical assistance and knowledge
sharing services to low and middle income countries to reduce poverty. The
Bank promotes growth to create jobs and to empower poor people to take
advantage of these opportunities.
http://www.worldbank.org
Global Poverty Monitoring
http://www.worldbank.org/research/povmonitor/
Poverty Net
http://www.worldbank.org/poverty/index.htm
Debt and HIPC
http://www.worldbank.org/hipc/
Poverty Reduction Strategies and PRSPs
http://www.worldbank.org/poverty/strategies/index.htm
Poverty Reduction Strategy Sourcebook
http://www.worldbank.org/poverty/strategies/sourctoc.htm
Public Sector Governance
http://www1.worldbank.org/publicsector/index.cfm
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